Optimization Techniques in Civil, Mechanical, and Electrical Engineering

Abstract

Optimization techniques are central to the field of engineering, and can help engineer and engineering disciplines in their efficient design, analysis and operation of systems that are constrained and have performance goals. In civil, mechanical and electrical engineering, optimization techniques can be used for better performance of structures, lesser material requirements, optimized energy efficiency, and intelligent control approaches. This article gives a review of classical and modern optimization methods, such as linear optimization, nonlinear optimization, integer optimization, metaheuristic optimization, multi-objective optimization, and optimization applications in fields of engineering technology. A methodical methodology that combines theoretical foundations, algorithmic selection and implementation strategies. Comparative analysis based on case data describing how optimization creates performance enhancement and cost reduction. The synthesis offers insights into potential best practice and future research directions of engineering optimization.