A Qualitative Exploration of Daily Life Stressors, Social Support, and Coping Mechanisms of Afghan Youth

Abstract

Afghan refugee youth in Pakistan face various social, economic, and psychological stressors that negatively affect their well-being and future lives. This study explored daily stressors, sources of social support, and coping mechanisms among Afghan youth attending schools in Quetta, Balochistan. The study used a qualitative, exploratory approach, conducting semi-structured interviews with middle- and high-school students selected through purposive sampling to gain insights into their lived experiences. Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis method was employed to analyze the data. The interview findings revealed that Afghan refugee students experience stress due to limited job opportunities, financial hardships, lack of identity documents, restricted educational access, and uncertainty about their futures. Gender-related issues were also observed: girls reported higher stress linked to limited access to education and opportunities, while boys expressed more concern about employment and economic stability. Positive religious coping and social support emerged as key protective factors helping youth manage stress, build resilience, and reduce feelings of helplessness. The study offers implications for policymakers, educators, and government agencies to develop targeted educational, psychosocial, and socioeconomic support. Future research should involve larger, more diverse samples across Pakistan.