Education under Attack: The Consequences of the War on Terror for Primary Schools in South Waziristan

Authors

  • Dr. Atif khan Assistant Professor, Faculty, Education, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Author
  • Sohail Ahmad M.Phil. English Linguistics. SSE English School Education Department (SED), Govt. of Punjab, Pakistan. Author
  • Kashif Lodhi Department of Management, Economics and Quantitative Methods. Università degli Studi di Bergamo via dei Caniana 2, 24127 Bergamo (BG), Italy Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71317/jgst.2.2.2026.341

Keywords:

Effects, primary education, war and terror, South Waziristan Agency

Abstract

The research was conducted to examine the effects of war and Terror on Primary School Students in South Waziristan Agency. The population of the study was all the teachers of primary school in South Waziristan. The sample of the study was constituted of sixteen primary schools (8 male schools and 8 female schools) (4 boys and 4 girls) of Wana and Birmal Tehsiels respectively.  Data collection was done using three point Likert scale questionnaire. Collected data were tabulated, interpreted and found conclusion based on the major findings of the data. Most of the primary schools were destroyed as a result of the war. Assessment tests were not timely. The speed of the rehabilitation process was extremely slow due to the fact that even the teachers and administration were threatened. Parents were not taking their children because of fear. The reconstruction of schools process is suggested to be made faster, security of the teachers and the administration is recommended. Special education can be initiated on the education of the girls.

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Published

2026-02-24

How to Cite

khan, A., Ahmad, S., & Lodhi, K. (2026). Education under Attack: The Consequences of the War on Terror for Primary Schools in South Waziristan. Journal of Global Social Transformation, 2(2), 23-35. https://doi.org/10.71317/jgst.2.2.2026.341