Design and Simulation of Energy‑Efficient Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

Abstract

Scalability, efficiency and sustainability Electric vehicle (EV) adoption requires scalable, efficient and sustainable charging infrastructure across the globe. Old grid-tied EV charging stations are capable of overloading the power system, particularly at peak hours. This study suggests a design structure and a simulation model of energy-efficient EV charging stations (EE-EVCS) based on renewable energy (solar PV), battery energy storage systems (BESS), and smart energy management approaches. With MATLAB/simulink, simulating different profiles of EV charging loads, a combination of PV generation, battery storage, and grid supply is made, aiming at the maximization of energy usage, decreasing grid reliance, and minimizing operation expenses. The findings indicate that hybrid charging stations have the potential to charge multiple EVs with reliability, draw less than 65 percent of the grid during peak periods, have a high charging station utilization efficiency (> 92%), and provide stable power quality. The results prove that renewable-augmented, storage-backed EV charging infrastructure is a feasible, environment-friendly solution to electrify the transport in the future.