Study on the seroprevalence of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Goats from specific Endemic parts of Sindh, Province

Abstract

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is one of the most economically important respiratory diseases of goats, causing considerable production losses and mortality in many developing countries. The present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of CCPP and evaluate associated risk factors among goats in selected districts of Sindh Province, Pakistan. A total of 800 serum samples were collected from goats in Hyderabad, Tharparkar, Jamshoro, and Larkana districts, with 200 samples obtained from each district. Samples were analyzed for CCPP antibodies, and the associations of district, sex, age, and breed with disease prevalence were evaluated using odds ratios and statistical significance tests. The overall seroprevalence was 18.1% (145/800; 95% CI: 13.9–22.4), with the highest prevalence recorded in Tharparkar (23.5%), followed by Larkana (18.0%), Jamshoro (17.0%), and Hyderabad (14.0%). Geographical variation was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Female goats showed a slightly higher seroprevalence than males, although the association was not statistically significant (p = 0.058). Age significantly influenced disease occurrence, with goats older than two years exhibiting the highest seroprevalence (22.9%; p = 0.006). Breed-wise analysis also showed a significant association (p = 0.003), with Tapri (29.0%) and Teddy (23.0%) goats exhibiting higher infection rates than Pateri (12.0%) and Kamori (7.5%) goats. District-wise analysis further confirmed significant effects of sex, age, and breed on CCPP prevalence. These findings indicate that geographical location, age, and breed are important determinants of CCPP infection and should be considered when designing surveillance, vaccination, and disease control strategies to reduce economic losses in goat production.