From Autonomous Intelligence to Adaptive Resilience: How Agentic AI and Digital Twin Capabilities Shape Supply Chain Resilience Through Sensemaking and Human-AI Collaboration

Abstract

This study examines how Agentic AI Capability and Digital Twin Capability enhance Supply Chain Resilience, considering the mediating role of Supply Chain Sensemaking Capability and the moderating role of Human-AI Collaboration. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were collected from 305 supply chain and related professionals and analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that Agentic AI Capability and Digital Twin Capability significantly improve both supply chain sensemaking and resilience. Supply Chain Sensemaking Capability also significantly strengthens Supply Chain Resilience and partially mediates the effects of both technological capabilities. Furthermore, Human-AI Collaboration significantly strengthens the relationship between sensemaking capability and supply chain resilience. The model demonstrates substantial explanatory power, accounting for 64.3% of the variance in Supply Chain Sensemaking Capability and 67.8% in Supply Chain Resilience. The study highlights that resilient supply chains depend not only on advanced digital technologies but also on effective organizational interpretation and collaboration between human decision-makers and AI systems.